Erkek Sıçanlarda Metil Paraben ve Propil Parabenin Birlikte Etkisinin Hipofiz-Adrenal Ekseni Üzerinde İncelenmesi

Abstract

Propylparaben and methylparaben, which are generally preferred in combination, are chemicals that are used as preservatives in many pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic products. Therefore, we are frequently exposed to parabens known to have endocrine disrupting effects in our daily lives. The purpose of the study is to investigate the endocrine disrupting effect of methylparaben and propylparaben on the pituitary-adrenal axis. In this study, 5 experimental groups were designed as 2 control groups (oil and positive control 50 mg/kg bw/day Bisphenol A) and 3 treatment groups (10, 100 and 500 mg/kg bw/day) by mixing 1:1 ratio of methylparaben and propylparaben. Doses were administered to the 42-day-old male rats by oral gavage for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, hematologic values were analized in blood samples which dreved from heart and adrenocorticotrophic hormone, cortisol, aldosterone, androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone hormone levels and biochemical values (ALT, AST, albumin, triglyceride, creatinine, urea, glucose) were measured in serum samples. Histopathological effects of pituitary, adrenal glands and liver, kidney tissues which are important in metabolism of toxic substances were investigated. In histopathological findings, degeneration, congestion and edema were detected in the tissues. Also, serum cortisol, aldosterone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone and androstenedione levels increased in 100 mg/kg bw/day methylparaben + propylparaben and 50 mg/kg bw/day BPA, serum dihydrotestosterone hormone increased in 10 mg/kg bw/day methylparaben + propylparaben, 500 mg/kg bw/day methylparaben + propylparaben and 50 mg/kg bw/day BPA and serum triglyceride levels increased in 100 mg/kg bw/day methylparaben + propylparaben dose group, serum glucose levels increased in 50 mg/bw kg/day BPA, 100 mg/bw kg/ day methyl paraben + propyl paraben; serum AST levels increased in 50 mg/bw kg/day BPA, 10-500 mg/bw kg/day methyl paraben + propyl paraben dose groups, according to the oil control group . Also, serum urea levels decreased in 10 mg/bw kg/day methyl paraben + propyl paraben and serum albumin values decreased in all experimental groups. In parallel with the increased cortisol and aldosteron hormone levels, it was determined that two enzyme expressions (CYP11B1 and CYP11B2) increased significantly in BPA (50 mg/bw kg/day) positive control group and 100 mg/bw kg/day methylparaben + propylparaben dose group compared to oil control group. The results showed that the combined effect of propylparaben and methylparaben had a negative effect on HPA axis hormonal activity and also on the liver, kidney, adrenal and pituitary tissues.