Güncel Bir İmkan Olarak Stoa Ontolojisi

Abstract

Deleuze, who criticizes the basic foundations and conceptual framework of Western metaphysics and defines his philosophical orientation as "reversing Platonism", refers to a point inside the tradition to overcome the problem. This ‘point’ is the Stoicism that reversed Platonism in the first and radical way in the history of philosophy. Stoicism has opened up the hierarchical structure of the Platonic concept of being and it has also provided a reassessment of the nature views of pre-Socratic philosophers. According to Deleuze, Stoicism, which brings the Platonic ideas down and whereas brings the interwoven depths of the inner pre-Socratic world to the surface at the point of removing the being/becoming duality, offers a solution from within the metaphysical tradition.

At the point of debating the basic categories of Western metaphysical tradition and the functioning of these categories, rather than pointing to a field opposite to tradition, it is precisely the purpose of this study to trace a possible one from within the tradition. In accordance with this purpose, the subject of the study will be physics, which is one of the basic parts of the Stoic philosophy. Therefore, the parts of the study consist of physics, “something”, “existent (existence)”, and “universal order” in parallel to the design of “reality”, “being (essence)”, and the “universe” of traditional metaphysics. In the first chapter, the scope and limits of the physics will be determined by emphasizing the importance of the physical investigation in terms of Stoic philosophy; in the next three chapters the focus will be on the details of the physics whose boundaries are defined in terms of subject and period. Hereby, it will be attempted to show to what extent the Stoic physics differs from the traditional metaphysics and what kind of ontology it could provide in proportion to these differences. In the conclusion chapter, the possibilities offered by the Stoic philosophy for metaphysical dilemmas and problems will be discussed and so conclusions will be tried to be drawn about what an intervention, coming from within the tradition, to metaphysical tradition might mean.